The Byzantine or Orthodox Church has often been associated with Caesaropapism. This means that?
this is for an AP euro assignment
The Byzantine or Orthodox Church has often been associated with Caesaropapism. This means that
1.the Church and its hierarchy control the state.
2.there is complete fusion of church and state.
3.the secular ruler or emperor is head of and controls both church and state.
4.the state and the Church are separate and equal.
5.the state taxes all church property.
It’s #3, a holdover of the times when the ruler of Rome was Pontifex Maximus, or top religious leader.
http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Ceasaropapism
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August 21 2009 07:51 am | Uncategorized
Naz F on 21 Aug 2009 at 12:58 pm #
It’s #3, a holdover of the times when the ruler of Rome was Pontifex Maximus, or top religious leader.
http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Ceasaropapism
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Morpheus on 21 Aug 2009 at 1:14 pm #
I bet it’s
3.the secular ruler or emperor is head of and controls both church and state.
….but #2 is a good answer too.
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Sam N on 21 Aug 2009 at 1:39 pm #
3. The word used should be a clue, "Caesropapism". This is obviously the combination of Caesar and the Pope, in this form the exact word will be Papal.
For much of Rome’s Imperial history, the Emperor was referred to as "Caesar" out of respect of Julius Caesar who was adoptive father and blood uncle of Rome’s first Emperor, Octavian (Augustus).
The terms Pope, Papal, Papacy, etc. were creations of the middle ages to elevate what had previously been known as the Bishop of Rome. As the Western Empire collapsed, the Bishop found himself holding the most power in the West and thus establishd new title, Pope, based off of popular slang used at the time out of repect for the "Pope" that stood up to Atilla the Hun and made him return to Eastern Europe.
In the East, the Eastern Roman Empire never fell and became the Byzantine Empire. As a result, the Bishops never gained the independent power that the Western Bishops following the Pope did. Largely because strong Emperors, like Justinian refused to allow the Eastern Patriarch to have any say in political matters while the Western Pope would eventually become the most powerful political ruler in the West. This allowed the Byzantine Emperor to directly control religious affairs.
As the previous answerer pointed out, this also ties in to the Ancient Roman historical line of the Emperor not only being the "Caesar", the ultimate political power, but also the Pontifix Maximus, the "Chief Priest" the ultimate religious power. Julius Caesar was in fact the first man to hold both offices, although at his time, the Republican title was either Consul or Dictator.
Historians thus combined Caesar and Papacy to get Caesaropapism to explain the Byzantine Emperor’s position in the Church vs State relationship.
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ammianus on 21 Aug 2009 at 2:21 pm #
Definitely 3
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